Different kinds of bacteria take different times to reproduce. Tuberculosis bacteria take a day to reproduce, while E. coli (ones that cause food poisoning) can reproduce in under 20 minutes. Also bacteria from the same species can reproduce more or less quickly depending on how much food is around–it takes a lot of energy to make a new cell.
Still, they reproduce very quickly compared with humans or any animal. Here’s a video I found showing bacterial reproduction speeded up: http://www.cellsalive.com/ecoli.htm
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